What is Coronary Artery Disease - Mechanism of Disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as coronary heart disease or ischemic heart disease, is a common and serious medical condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary. CAD typically develops over a long period and is primarily caused by atherosclerosis, a complex process involving the buildup of fatty deposits (atherosclerotic plaques) within the walls of the coronary arteries. Here's an overview of the mechanism of this disease: 1. Atherosclerosis Formation: The process of CAD begins with the damage to the inner lining of the coronary arteries (endothelium). This damage can be caused by several factors, including high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, and inflammation. 2. Inflammatory Response: In response to this damage, the immune system triggers an inflammatory response. White blood cells and other substances move to the site of injury, leading to the accumulation of inflammatory cells and lipids ...