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 Back pain is a common medical condition that can have various symptoms and causes. It can range from a dull, constant ache to a sudden, sharp pain and may be short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic). Here are some common symptoms and causes of back pain:

**Symptoms:**

1. **Dull Ache:** This is the most common type of back pain. It usually occurs in the lower back and can range from a mild discomfort to a more severe, persistent ache.

2. **Sharp Pain:** Sometimes, back pain can manifest as a sudden and intense, sharp pain. This may be due to muscle spasms or a pinched nerve.

3. **Radiating Pain:** Back pain may radiate into other parts of the body, such as the buttocks, legs, or even down to the feet. This is often associated with conditions like sciatica.

4. **Muscle Stiffness:** You may experience tightness and reduced range of motion in your back muscles, making it difficult to bend or twist.

5. **Pain that Worsens with Activity:** Back pain may get worse when you engage in physical activities or during specific movements.

6. **Chronic Pain:** Chronic back pain is defined as pain that lasts for 12 weeks or more. 

**Causes:**

1. **Muscle or Ligament Strain:** Overstretching or tearing of muscles or ligaments in the back can lead to acute back pain. 
2. **Herniated Disc:** A herniated or slipped disc occurs when the soft inner core of an intervertebral disc protrudes through the tough outer shell.
3. **Osteoarthritis:** As we age, the cartilage in the spine can break down, leading to a condition called osteoarthritis. 
4. **Spinal Stenosis:** This is the narrowing of the spinal canal, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, leading to back pain.
5. **Sciatica:** Sciatica is a condition where the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back down the back of each leg, becomes compressed or irritated. This can cause sharp, shooting pain down the leg.
6. **Scoliosis:** Abnormal curvature of the spine, such as scoliosis, can cause back pain, especially if the curvature is severe.
7. **Injuries:** Accidents, falls, or sports-related injuries can result in various back problems, including fractures, sprains, and strains.
8. **Medical Conditions:** Certain medical conditions like kidney stones, infections, or tumors can cause back pain as a symptom.
9. **Lifestyle Factors:** Factors like obesity, poor posture, and a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to chronic back pain.
It's important to consult a healthcare professional if you experience persistent or severe back pain, as they can help diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment options, which may include physical therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, or in some cases, surgery.

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